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Now updated for Cisco's new ROUTE 300-101 exam, Implementing Cisco IP Routing (ROUTE) Foundation Learning Guide is your Cisco® authorized learning tool for CCNP® or CCDP® preparation. Part of the Cisco Press Foundation Learning Series, it teaches you how to plan, configure, maintain, and scale a modern routed network.

Focusing on Cisco routers connected in LANs and WANs at medium-to-large network sites, the authors show how to select and implement Cisco IOS services for building scalable, routed networks. They examine basic network and routing protocol principles in detail; introduce both IPv4 and IPv6; fully review EIGRP, OSPF, and BGP; explore enterprise Internet connectivity; cover routing updates and path control; and present today's router security best practices.

Each chapter opens with a list of topics that clearly identifies its focus. Each chapter ends with a summary of key concepts for quick study, as well as review questions to assess and reinforce your understanding. Throughout, configuration and verification output examples illustrate critical issues in network operation and troubleshooting.

This guide is ideal for all certification candidates who want to master all the topics covered on the ROUTE 300-101 exam.

Serves as the official book for the newest version of the Cisco Networking Academy CCNP ROUTE course
Includes all the content from the newest Learning@Cisco ROUTE course and information on each of the ROUTE exam topics
Compares basic routing protocol features and limitations
Examines RIPv2 and RIPng
Covers EIGRP operation and implementation for both IPv4 and IPv6
Explores OSPFv2 implementation, and OSPFv3 for both IPv4 and IPv6
Discusses network performance optimization via routing updates
Introduces path control with Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) switching, policy-based routing (PBR), and service level agreements (SLAs)
Addresses enterprise Internet connectivity via single or redundant ISP connections
Explains BGP terminology, concepts, operation, configuration, verification, and troubleshooting
Covers securing the management plane of Cisco routers using authentication and other recommended practices
Presents self-assessment review questions, chapter objectives, and summaries to facilitate effective studying



Introduction xxv

Chapter 1 Basic Network and Routing Concepts 1

Differentiating Routing Protocols 2

Enterprise Network Infrastructure 2

Role of Dynamic Routing Protocols 3

Choosing a of Dynamic Routing Protocols 5

IGP versus EGP 5

Types of Routing Protocols 7

Convergence 8

Route Summarization 9

Route Protocol Scalability 10

Understanding Network Technologies 10

Traffic Types 11

IPv6 Address Types 13

ICMPv6 Neighbor Discovery 14

Network Types 15

NBMA Networks 16

Routing Over the Internet 18

Connecting Remote Locations with Headquarters 18

Principles of Static Routing 19

Configuring an IPv4 Static Route 20

Configuring a Static Default Route 22

Basic PPP Overview 23

PPP Authentication Overview 23

PPPoE 26

Basic Frame Relay Overview 28

VPN Connectivity Overview 31

MPLS-based VPNs 31

Tunneling VPNs 32

Hybrid VPNs 32

Routing Across MPLS VPNs 32

Routing Over GRE Tunnel 34

Dynamic Multipoint Virtual Private Network 35

Multipoint GRE 36

NHRP 37

IPsec 39

Routing and TCP/IP Operations 40

MSS, Fragmentation, and PMTUD 40

IPv4 Fragmentation and PMTUD 41

Bandwidth Delay Product 41

TCP Starvation 42

Latency 42

ICMP Redirect 42

Implementing RIPng 43

RIP Overview 43

RIPv2 Overview 45

Configuring RIPng 47

Basic RIPng Configuration 47

Propagating a Default Route 50

Investigating the RIPng Database 53

Summary 55

Review Questions 56

Chapter 2 EIGRP Implementation 59

Establishing EIGRP Neighbor Relationships 60

EIGRP Features 60

EIGRP Features 62

EIGRP Operation Overview 63

Configuring and Verifying Basic EIGRP for IPv4 64

Manipulating EIGRP Timers 73

EIGRP Neighbor Relationship over Frame Relay 74

Establishing EIGRP over Layer 3 MPLS VPN 74

Establishing EIGRP over Layer 2 MPLS VPN 75

Building the EIGRP Topology Table 76

Building and Examining the EIGRP Topology Table 77

Choosing the Best Path 80

Exchange of Routing Knowledge in EIGRP 88

EIGRP Metric 88

EIGRP Metric Calculation 89

EIGRP Wide Metrics 90

EIGRP Metric Calculation Example 90

EIGRP Metric Calculation Example 91

EIGRP Path Calculation Example 92

Optimizing EIGRP Behavior 94

EIGRP Queries 95

EIGRP Stub Routers 96

Configuring EIGRP Stub Routing 97

EIGRP Stub Options 100

Stuck in Active 108

Reducing Query Scope by Using Summary Routes 109

Configuring EIGRP Summarization 110

Determining the Summary Route 116

Obtaining Default Route 120

Load Balancing with EIGRP 123

Configuring EIGRP Load Balancing 123

EIGRP Load Balancing 124

EIGRP Load Balancing Across Unequal-Metric Paths 126

Configuring EIGRP for IPv6 128

Overview of EIGRP for IPv6 128

Configuring and Verifying EIGRP for IPv6 129

EIGRP for IPv6 Configuration 130

Determining the IPv6 Summary Route 134

Named EIGRP Configuration 136

Introduction to Named EIGRP Configuration 136

Configuring Named EIGRP 137

Address Families 139

EIGRP for IPv4 Address Family 139

EIGRP for IPv6 Address Family 142

Named EIGRP Configuration Modes 148

Classic Versus Named EIGRP Configuration 150

Summary 151

Review Questions 152

Chapter 3 OSPF Implementation 155

Establishing OSPF Neighbor Relationships 155

OSPF Features 156

OSPF Operation Overview 157

Hierarchical Structure of OSPF 158

Design Restrictions of OSPF 160

OSPF Message Types 160

Basic OSPF Configuration 161

Optimizing OSPF Adjacency Behavior 170

Using OSPF Priority in the DR/BDR Election 174

OSPF Behavior in NBMA Hub-and-Spoke Topology 175

The Importance of MTU 177

Manipulating OSPF Timers 179

OSPF Neighbor Relationship over Point-to-Point Links 182

OSPF Neighbor Relationship over Layer 3 MPLS VPN 182

OSPF Neighbor Relationship over Layer 2 MPLS VPN 184

OSPF Neighbor States 184

OSPF Network Types 186

Configuring Passive Interfaces 187

Building the Link-State Database 187

OSPF LSA Types 188

Examining the OSPF Link-State Database 189

OSPF Link-State Database 190

OSPF Type 2 Network LSA 196

OSPF Type 3 Summary LSA 197

OSPF Type 4 ASBR Summary LSA 199

OSPF Type 5 External LSA 201

Periodic OSPF Database Changes 203

Exchanging and Synchronizing LSDBs 204

Synchronizing the LSDB on Multiaccess Networks 206

Running the SPF Algorithm 207

Configuring OSPF Path Selection 208

OSPF Path Selection 208

OSPF Best Path Calculation 210

Default OSPF Costs 211

Calculating the Cost of Intra-Area Routes 214

Calculating the Cost of Interarea Routes 214

Selecting Between Intra-Area and Interarea Routes 215