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The golden standard evaluation reference text

Now in its second edition, Evaluation Theory, Models, and Applications is the vital text on evaluation models, perfect for classroom use as a textbook, and as a professional evaluation reference. The book begins with an overview of the evaluation field and program evaluation standards, and proceeds to cover the most widely used evaluation approaches. With new evaluation designs and the inclusion of the latest literature from the field, this Second Edition is an essential update for professionals and students who want to stay current. Understanding and choosing evaluation approaches is critical to many professions, and Evaluation Theory, Models, and Applications, Second Edition is the benchmark evaluation guide.

Authors Daniel L. Stufflebeam and Chris L. S. Coryn, widely considered experts in the evaluation field, introduce and describe 23 program evaluation approaches, including, new to this edition, transformative evaluation, participatory evaluation, consumer feedback, and meta-analysis. Evaluation Theory, Models, and Applications, Second Edition facilitates the process of planning, conducting, and assessing program evaluations. The highlighted evaluation approaches include:

Experimental and quasi-experimental design evaluations
Daniel L. Stufflebeam´s CIPP Model
Michael Scriven´s Consumer-Oriented Evaluation
Michael Patton´s Utilization-Focused Evaluation
Robert Stake´s Responsive/Stakeholder-Centered Evaluation
Case Study Evaluation

Key readings listed at the end of each chapter direct readers to the most important references for each topic. Learning objectives, review questions, student exercises, and instructor support materials complete the collection of tools. Choosing from evaluation approaches can be an overwhelming process, but Evaluation Theory, Models, and Applications, Second Edition updates the core evaluation concepts with the latest research, making this complex field accessible in just one book.





Table of contents

List of Figures, Tables, and Exhibits xiii

Dedication xvii

Preface xix

Acknowledgments xxiii

The Author xxv

Introduction xxvii

Changes to the First Edition xxviii

Intended Audience xxviii

Overview of the Book's Contents xxix

Study Suggestions xxxii

Part One: Fundamentals of Evaluation 1

1 OVERVIEW OF THE EVALUATION FIELD 3

What Are Appropriate Objects of Evaluations and Related Subdisciplines of Evaluation? 3

Are Evaluations Enough to Control Quality, Guide Improvement, and Protect Consumers? 4

Evaluation as a Profession and Its Relationship to Other Professions 4

What Is Evaluation? 6

How Good Is Good Enough? How Bad Is Intolerable? How Are These Questions Addressed? 17

What Are Performance Standards? How Should They Be Applied? 18

Why Is It Appropriate to Consider Multiple Values? 20

Should Evaluations Be Comparative, Noncomparative, or Both? 21

How Should Evaluations Be Used? 21

Why Is It Important to Distinguish Between Informal Evaluation and Formal Evaluation? 26

How Do Service Organizations Meet Requirements for Public Accountability? 27

What Are the Methods of Formal Evaluation? 29

What Is the Evaluation Profession, and How Strong Is It? 29

What Are the Main Historical Milestones in the Evaluation Field's Development? 30

2 EVALUATION THEORY 45

General Features of Evaluation Theories 45

Theory's Role in Developing the Program Evaluation Field 47

Functional and Pragmatic Bases of Extant Program Evaluation Theory 48

AWord About Research Related to Program Evaluation Theory 49

Program Evaluation Theory Defined 50

Criteria for Judging Program Evaluation Theories 52

Theory Development as a Creative Process Subject to Review and Critique by Users 56

Status of Theory Development in the Program Evaluation Field 57

Importance and Difficulties of Considering Context in Theories of Program Evaluation 58

Need for Multiple Theories of Program Evaluation 58

Hypotheses for Research on Program Evaluation 59

Potential Utility of Grounded Theories 62

Potential Utility of Metaevaluations in Developing Theories of Program Evaluation 63

Program Evaluation Standards and Theory Development 63

3 STANDARDS FOR PROGRAM EVALUATIONS 69

The Need for Evaluation Standards 71

Background of Standards for Program Evaluations 73

Joint Committee Program Evaluation Standards 74

American Evaluation Association Guiding Principles for Evaluators 80

Government Auditing Standards 83

Using Evaluation Standards 97

Part Two: An Evaluation of Evaluation Approaches and Models 105

4 BACKGROUND FOR ASSESSING EVALUATION APPROACHES 107

Evaluation Approaches 109

Importance of Studying Alternative Evaluation Approaches 109

The Nature of Program Evaluation 110

Previous Classifications of Alternative Evaluation Approaches 110

Caveats 112

5 PSEUDOEVALUATIONS 117

Background and Introduction 117

Approach 1: Public Relations Studies 119

Approach 2: Politically Controlled Studies 120

Approach 3: Pandering Evaluations 122

Approach 4: Evaluation by Pretext 123

Approach 5: Empowerment Under the Guise of Evaluation 125

Approach 6: Customer Feedback Evaluation 127

6 QUASI-EVALUATION STUDIES 133

Quasi-Evaluation Approaches Defined 133

Functions of Quasi-Evaluation Approaches 134

General Strengths and Weaknesses of Quasi-Evaluation Approaches 134

Approach 7: Objectives-Based Studies 135

Approach 8: The Success Case Method 137

Approach 9: Outcome Evaluation as Value-Added Assessment 143

Approach 10: Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Studies 147

Approach 11: Cost Studies 152

Approach 12: Connoisseurship and Criticism 155

Approach 13: Theory-Based Evaluation 158

Approach 14: Meta-Analysis 164

7 IMPROVEMENT- AND ACCOUNTABILITY-ORIENTED EVALUATION APPROACHES 173

Improvement- and Accountability-Oriented Evaluation Defined 173

Functions of Improvement- and Accountability-Oriented Approaches 174

General Strengths and Weaknesses of Decision- and Accountability-Oriented Approaches 174

Approach 15: Decision- and Accountability-Oriented Studies 174

Approach 16: Consumer-Oriented Studies 181

Approach 17: Accreditation and Certification 184

8 SOCIAL AGENDA AND ADVOCACY EVALUATION APPROACHES 191

Overview of Social Agenda and Advocacy Approaches 191

Approach 18: Responsive or Stakeholder-Centered Evaluation 192

Approach 19: Constructivist Evaluation 197

Approach 20: Deliberative Democratic Evaluation 202

Approach 21: Transformative Evaluation 205

9 ECLECTIC EVALUATION APPROACHES 213

Overview of Eclectic Approaches 213

Approach 22: Utilization-Focused Evaluation 214

Approach 23: Participatory Evaluation 219

10 BEST APPROACHES FOR TWENTY-FIRST-CENTURY EVALUATIONS 229

Selection of Approaches for Analysis 230

Methodology for Analyzing and Ev