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Features

Offers a snapshot of the state of the art of reconfigurable logic systems
Covers a broad range of architectures, tools, and applications
Reviews current trends in reconfigurable platforms
Summary

During the last three decades, reconfigurable logic has been growing steadily and can now be found in many different fields. Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are one of the most famous architecture families of reconfigurable devices. FPGAs can be seen as arrays of logic units that can be reconfigured to realize any digital systems. Their high versatility has enabled designers to drastically reduce time to market, and made FPGAs suitable for prototyping or small production series in many branches of industrial products. In addition, and thanks to innovations at the architecture level, FPGAs are now conquering segments of mass markets such as mobile communications.

Reconfigurable Logic: Architecture, Tools, and Applications offers a snapshot of the state of the art of reconfigurable logic systems. Covering a broad range of architectures, tools, and applications, this book:

Explores classical FPGA architectures and their supporting tools
Evaluates recent proposals related to FPGA architectures, including the use of network-on-chips (NoCs)
Examines reconfigurable processors that merge concepts borrowed from the reconfigurable domain into processor design
Exploits FPGAs for high-performance systems, efficient error correction codes, and high-bandwidth network routers with built-in security
Expounds on emerging technologies to enhance FPGA architectures, improve routing structures, and create non-volatile configuration flip-flops
Reconfigurable Logic: Architecture, Tools, and Applications reviews current trends in reconfigurable platforms, providing valuable insight into the future potential of reconfigurable systems.



Table of Contents

CLASSICAL FPGA ARCHITECTURE AND TOOLS

Adaptive Packing for Design Space Exploration of FPGA Logic Block Architectures
Jason Luu
Introduction
Prior Work
Architecture-Aware Packing
Experiments and Results
Summary and Future Work

Improving Fault Tolerance of SRAM-Based FPGAs in Harsh Radiation Environments
Heather Quinn, Keith Morgan, Paul Graham, Zachary Baker, Michael Caffrey, Diane Roussel-Dupree, Will Howes, Eric Johnson, Jon Johnson, Jim Krone, David Lee, Kevin Lundgreen, Tony Nelson, Brian Pratt, Nathan Rollins, Anthony Salazar, Gary Swift, and Michael Wirthlin
Introduction
Radiation Characterization of FPGAs
Hardness Assurance Estimates
Case Study: The Mission Response Module
Conclusions

Zero-Overhead FPGA Debugging
Eddie Hung and Steven J.E. Wilton
Introduction
Background
Trace-Based Debug
Network Flow-Based Routing
Methodology
Results
Ongoing and Future Research
Conclusion

ADVANCED ARCHITECTURAL TECHNIQUES

Tree-Based FPGA Routing Architectures
Zied Marrakchi and Habib Mehrez
Introduction
Interconnect Description
Interconnect Depopulation
Connection with Outside
Rent´s Rule-Based Model
Configuration Flow
Experimental Evaluation
2D Physical Design of Tree-Based FPGA
Wire Length Optimization and Performance Improvement
Conclusion

And-Inverter Cones
Grace Zgheib, Hadi Parandeh-Afshar, David Novo, and Paolo Ienne
Introduction
And-Inverter Cone Structure
AIC Cluster
AIC-Based FPGA Architectures
Shadow AIC Architecture
CAD Flow
Conclusion

Embedded Networks-on-Chip for FPGAs
Mohamed Abdelfattah and Vaughn Betz
Introduction
The FPGA Interconnection Challenge
Architecting Embedded NoCs on FPGAs
FabricPort
Designing with Embedded NoCs
Application Case Studies
Related Work
Future Prospects of Embedded NoCs

Design Methodologies for Reconfigurable NoC-Based Embedded Systems
Vincenzo Rana, Francesco Bruchi, Antonio Miele, Marco Santambrogio, and Donatella Sciuto
Introduction
The Proposed Design Flow
Related Work
Algorithm Performance Analysis
Real-World Case Study
Conclusion

Circuits and Architectures for Low-Power FPGAs
Safeen Huda and Jason Anderson
Introduction
Power Consumption in FPGAs
Power and Clock Gating for FPGAs
Multi VDD Architectures
Power Reduction in FPGA Routing Structures
Glitch Reduction
Ultra-Low-Power FPGAs
Examples from Industry
Future Directions

RECONFIGURABLE PROCESSORS

Reconfigurable Processors and Multicore Architectures
Fynn Schwiegelshohn, Philipp Wehner, Jones Mori Alves da Silva, Benedikt Janssen, Osvaldo Navaro Guzman, Jens Rettkowski, Muhammed Al Kadi, Diana Göhringer, and Michael Hübner
Introduction
Reconfigurable Hardware Architectures
Reconfigurable Architectures Management
Conclusion

Partially Reconfigurable Processor for Wireless Receiver Applications
Anupam Chattopadhyay, Gerd Ascheid, Xiaolin Chen, and Zoltán Endre Rákossy
Introduction
Architecture Modeling, Exploration and Implementation Methodology
Case Study: Channel Estimation Architecture
Case Study: Flexible Channel Detection Architecture
Conclusion

APPLICATIONS OF FPGAS AND RECONFIGURABLE SYSTEMS

A Heterogeneous Architecture for Biomolecular Simulation
Christopher Madill, Arun Patel, Manuel Saldãna, Régis Pomés, and Paul Chow
Introduction
Molecular Dynamics
The Toronto Molecular Dynamics Architecture
Results
Conclusion

Design of High-Performance Error-Correcting Codes Using FPGA
Shuanghong Sun and Zhengya Zhang
Introduction
LDPC Code Emulation for Error Floor Exploration
Polar Code Emulation for Optimal Code Construction
Conclusion

Reconfigurable Network Router Security
Russell Tessier, Tilman Wolf, Kekai Hu, and Harikrishnan Chandrikakutty
Introduction
Background
Monitoring System Overview
Monitoring Architectures
Monitoring of FPGA-Based Finite State Machines
Conclusion

EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

Low-Power FPGAs Based on Resistive Memories
Xifan Tang, Somayyeh Rahimian Omam, Pascal Meinerzhagen, Pierre-Emmanuel Gaillardon, and Giovanni De Micheli
Introduction
Background
Non-Volatile Flip-Flops
Non-Volatile Multiplexers
RRAM-Based FPGA Architecture Performance Predictions
Conclusion

Spintronic-Memory-Based Reconfigurable Computing
Raphael M. Brum, Lionel Torres, and Bojan Jovanovic
Introduction
Magnetic Tunnel Junctions
Non-Volatile Memory Circuits
Non-Volatile Elements for FPGAs
Full Non-Volatile FPGA Implementations
Conclusions

Architectures and CAD Tools for 3D FPGAs
Kostas Siozios, Harry Sidiropoulos, and Dimitrios Soudris
Introduction
3-D Reconfigurable Platforms
CAD Algorithms for 3-D Reconfigurable Architectures
Tool Flows Targeting to 3-D FPGAs
Conclusions