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he Military Balance is an authoritative assessment of the military capabilities and defence economics of 171 countries. Detailed A-Z entries list each country's military organisation, personnel numbers, equipment inventories, and relevant economic and demographic data. Regional and select country analyses cover the major developments affecting defence policy and procurement, and defence economics. The opening graphics section displays notable defence statistics, while additional data sets detail selected arms orders and military exercises, as well as comparative defence expenditure and personnel numbers. The Military Balance is an indispensable handbook for anyone conducting serious analysis of security policy and military affairs. The International Institute for Strategic Studies, founded in 1958, is an independent centre for research, analysis and debate on the problems of conflict, however caused, that have, or potentially have, an important military dimension.



Table of Contents
Contents
Indexes of Tables, Figures and Maps 4
Editor's Introduction 5
Part One Capabilities, Trends and Economics
Domain trends........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................7
Chapter 1 Defence and military analysis .....................................................................................................................................................................9
Sixty years of The Military Balance 9; Challenges in nuclear-arms control: past and present 13;
Quantum computing and defence 18
Chapter 2 Comparative defence statistics...............................................................................................................................................................21
Defence budgets and expenditure 21; Soviet (VVS and PVO) and Russian Aerospace Forces (VKS), 1989-2018 23;
Brigade structures: China, Russia and the United States 24; Principal advanced anti-air-warfare surface combatants and
operators, 1998-2018 25; Key defence statistics 26
Chapter 3 North America.......................................................................................................................................................................................................28
Regional trends in 2018 28; Armed forces data section 44;
United States: defence policy and economics 30; Arms procurements and deliveries 63
Canada: defence policy 42;
Chapter 4 Europe.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................66
Regional trends in 2018 66; UK: defence policy 82;
Regional defence policy and economics 68; Armed forces data section 87;
North Atlantic and the High North 77; Arms procurements and deliveries 163
Sweden: defence policy and economics 78;
Chapter 5 Russia and Eurasia ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 166
Regional trends in 2018 166; Armed forces data section 184;
Russia: defence policy and economics 168; Arms procurements and deliveries 219
Belarus: defence policy and economics 178;
Chapter 6 Asia ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 222
Regional trends in 2018 222; Thailand: defence policy and economics 242;
Regional defence policy and economics 224; Armed forces data section 247;
China: defence policy and economics 232; Arms procurements and deliveries 317
Japan: defence policy 241;
Chapter 7 Middle East and North Africa................................................................................................................................................................ 320
Regional trends in 2018 320; Gulf region: training and sustainability 329;
Regional defence policy and economics 322; Armed forces data section 332;
Iraq: rebuilding the armed forces 327; Arms procurements and deliveries 377
Chapter 8 Latin America and the Caribbean...................................................................................................................................................... 380
Regional trends in 2018 380; Mexico: defence policy 391;
Regional defence policy and economics 382; Armed forces data section 393;
Chile: defence policy and economics 387; Arms procurements and deliveries 436
Chapter 9 Sub-Saharan Africa ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 438
Regional trends in 2018 438; Armed forces data section 451;
Regional defence policy and economics 440; Arms procurements and deliveries 501
South Africa: defence policy and economics 446;
Part Two Reference
Explanatory notes........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 503
Principal land definitions 507; Principal naval definitions 508; Principal aviation definitions 509
List of abbreviations for data sections ............................................................................................................................................................................... 511
International comparisons of defence expenditure and military personnel ........................................................................................... 513
Index of country/territory abbreviations.......................................................................................................................................................................... 519
Index of countries and territories ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 520