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This book presents and discusses strategies for the design and implementation of common-mode suppressed balanced microwave filters, including, narrowband, wideband, and ultra-wideband filters

This book examines differential-mode, or balanced, microwave filters by discussing several implementations of practical realizations of these passive components. Topics covered include selective mode suppression, designs based on distributed and semi-lumped approaches, multilayer technologies, defect ground structures, coupled resonators, metamaterials, interference techniques, and substrate integrated waveguides, among others.

Divided into five parts, Balanced Microwave Filters begins with an introduction that presents the fundamentals of balanced lines, circuits, and networks. Part 2 covers balanced transmission lines with common-mode noise suppression, including several types of common-mode filters and the application of such filters to enhance common-mode suppression in balanced bandpass filters. Next, Part 3 examines wideband and ultra-wideband (UWB) balanced bandpass filters with intrinsic common-mode suppression. Narrowband and dual-band balanced bandpass filters with intrinsic common-mode suppression are discussed in Part 4. Finally, Part 5 covers other balanced circuits, such as balanced power dividers and combiners, and differential-mode equalizers with common-mode filtering. In addition, the book:

Explores a research topic of increasing interest due to the growing demand of balanced transmission lines and circuits in modern communication systems
Includes contributions from prominent worldwide experts in the field
Provides readers with the necessary knowledge to analyze and synthesize balanced filters and circuits
Balanced Microwave Filters is an important text for R&D engineers, professionals, and specialists working on the topic of microwave filters. Post graduate students and Masters students in the field of microwave engineering and wireless communications, especially those involved in courses related to microwave filters, and balanced filters and circuits will also find it to be a vital resource.



LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS xix

PREFACE xxiii

PART 1 INTRODUCTION 1

1 INTRODUCTION TO BALANCED TRANSMISSION LINES, CIRCUITS, AND NETWORKS 3
Ferran Martín, Jordi Naqui, Francisco Medina, Lei Zhu, and Jiasheng Hong

1.1 Introduction 3

1.2 Balanced Versus Single-Ended Transmission Lines and Circuits 4

1.3 Common-Mode Noise 5

1.4 Fundamentals of Differential Transmission Lines 6

1.4.1 Topology 6

1.4.2 Propagating Modes 8

1.4.2.1 Even and Odd Mode 8

1.4.2.2 Common and Differential Mode 11

1.5 Scattering Parameters 13

1.5.1 Single-Ended S-Parameters 13

1.5.2 Mixed-Mode S-Parameters 16

1.6 Summary 19

References 19

PART 2 BALANCED TRANSMISSION LINES WITH COMMON-MODE NOISE SUPPRESSION 21

2 STRATEGIES FOR COMMON-MODE SUPPRESSION IN BALANCED LINES 23
Ferran Martín, Paris Vélez, Armando Fernández-Prieto, Jordi Naqui, Francisco Medina, and Jiasheng Hong

2.1 Introduction 23

2.2 Selective Mode Suppression in Differential Transmission Lines 25

2.3 Common-Mode Suppression Filters Based on Patterned Ground Planes 27

2.3.1 Common-Mode Filter Based on Dumbbell-Shaped Patterned Ground Plane 27

2.3.2 Common-Mode Filter Based on Complementary Split Ring Resonators (CSRRs) 30

2.3.3 Common-Mode Filter Based on Defected Ground Plane Artificial Line 40

2.3.4 Common-Mode Filter Based on C-Shaped Patterned Ground Structures 44

2.4 Common-Mode Suppression Filters Based on Electromagnetic Bandgaps (EBGs) 49

2.4.1 Common-Mode Filter Based on Nonuniform Coupled Lines 50

2.4.2 Common-Mode Filter Based on Uniplanar Compact Photonic Bandgap (UC-PBG) Structure 55

2.5 Other Approaches for Common-Mode Suppression 55

2.6 Comparison of Common-Mode Filters 60

2.7 Summary 61

Appendix 2.A: Dispersion Relation for Common-Mode Rejection Filters with Coupled CSRRs or DS-CSRRs 61

Appendix 2.B: Dispersion Relation for Common-Mode Rejection Filters with Coupled Patches Grounded through Inductive Strips 64

References 65

3 COUPLED-RESONATOR BALANCED BANDPASS FILTERS WITH COMMON-MODE SUPPRESSION DIFFERENTIAL LINES 73
Armando Fernández-Prieto, Jordi Naqui, Jesús Martel, Ferran Martín, and Francisco Medina

3.1 Introduction 73

3.2 Balanced Coupled-Resonator Filters 74

3.2.1 Single-Band Balanced Bandpass Filter Based on Folded Stepped-Impedance Resonators 75

3.2.2 Balanced Filter Loaded with Common-Mode Rejection Sections 79

3.2.3 Balanced Dual-Band Bandpass Filter Loaded with Common-Mode Rejection Sections 82

3.3 Summary 88

References 88

PART 3 WIDEBAND AND ULTRA-WIDEBAND (UWB) BALANCED BAND PASS FILTERS WITH INTRINSIC COMMON-MODE SUPPRESSION 91

4 WIDEBAND AND UWB BALANCED BANDPASS FILTERS BASED ON BRANCH-LINE TOPOLOGY 93
Teck Beng Lim and Lei Zhu

4.1 Introduction 93

4.2 Branch-Line Balanced Wideband Bandpass Filter 97

4.3 Balanced Bandpass Filter for UWB Application 105

4.4 Balanced Wideband Bandpass Filter with Good Common-Mode Suppression 111

4.5 Highly Selective Balanced Wideband Bandpass Filters 116

4.6 Summary 131

References 131

5 WIDEBAND AND UWB COMMON-MODE SUPPRESSED DIFFERENTIAL-MODE FILTERS BASED ON COUPLED LINE SECTIONS 135
Qing-Xin Chu, Shi-Xuan Zhang, and Fu-Chang Chen

5.1 Balanced UWB Filter by Combining UWB BPF with UWB BSF 135

5.2 Balanced Wideband Bandpass Filter Using Coupled Line Stubs 142

5.3 Balanced Wideband Filter Using Internal Cross-Coupling 148

5.4 Balanced Wideband Filter Using Stub-Loaded Ring Resonator 155

5.5 Balanced Wideband Filter Using Modified Coupled Feed Lines and Coupled Line Stubs 161

5.6 Summary 173

References 174

6 WIDEBAND DIFFERENTIAL CIRCUITS USING T-SHAPED STRUCTURES AND RING RESONATORS 177
Wenquan Che and Wenjie Feng

6.1 Introduction 177

6.2 Wideband Differential Bandpass Filters Using T-Shaped Resonators 179

6.2.1 Mixed-Mode S-Parameters for Four-Port Balanced Circuits 179

6.2.2 T-Shaped Structures with Open/Shorted Stubs 184

6.2.2.1 T-Shaped Structure with Shorted Stubs 184

6.2.2.2 T-Shaped Structure with Open Stubs 185

6.2.3 Wideband Bandpass Filters without Cross Coupling 187

6.2.3.1 Differential-Mode Excitation 189

6.2.3.2 Common-Mode Excitation 191

6.2.4 Wideband Bandpass Filter with Cross Coupling 193

6.3 Wideband Differential Bandpass Filters Using Half-/Full-Wavelength Ring Resonators 201

6.3.1 Differential Filter Using Half-Wavelength Ring Resonators 201

6.3.2 Differential Filter Using Full-Wavelength Ring Resonators 206

6.3.3 Differential Filter Using Open/Shorted Coupled Lines 215

6.3.4 Comparisons of Several Wideband Balanced Filters Based on Different Techniques 220

6.4 Wideband Differential Networks Using Marchand Balun 223

6.4.1 S-Parameter for Six-Port Differential Network 223

6.4.2 Wideband In-Phase Differential Netw