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International development is now a major global activity and the focus of the rapidly growing academic discipline of development studies. The Encyclopedia of International Development provides definitions and discussions of the key concepts, controversies and actors associated with international development for a readership of development workers, teachers and students. With 600 entries, ranging in length from shorter factual studies to more in-depth essays, a comprehensive system of cross references and a full index, it is the most definitive guide to international development yet published.

Development is more than a simple increase in a country´s wealth and living conditions. It also implies increasing people´s choices and freedoms; it is change that is inclusive and empowering. Development theory and practice has important applications to questions of economic growth, trade, governance, education, healthcare, gender rights and environmental protection, and it involves issues such as international aid, peacekeeping, famine relief and strategies against HIV/AIDS. The Encyclopedia treats these topics and many more, and provides critical analyses of important actors within development such as the United Nations and World Bank, non-governmental organizations and corporations.

Contributors to this volume reflect the multidisciplinary and international nature of the subject. They come from social science disciplines such as economics, international studies, political science and anthropology, and from specialities such as medicine.

This Encyclopedia provides crucial information for universities, students and professional organizations involved with international development, and those interested in related topics such as international studies or other studies of social and economic change today.



Table of Contents
20/20 Proposal. Absolute Vs Relative Poverty. Accountability (Political). Adjustment With A Human Face (UNICEF 1987). Advocacy Coalitions. African Development Bank. Ageing. Agenda 21. Agrarian Reform. Agrarian Transformation. Agribusiness. Agricultural Involution (Geertz). Agriculture. Agrochemicals. Agroforestry. Aid. Aid Evaluation and Effectiveness. AIDS. Alternative Development. Anti-Development Criticisms. Apartheid. Appropriate Technology. Arms Sales and Control. ASEAN. Asian Crises. Asylum-Seeking and Granting. Authoritarianism. Bandung Conference (1955). Barefoot Doctors. Basel Convention. Basic Needs Approach. ´Big Push´ Concept (Rosenstein-Rodin and Nurkse). Bilateral Aid Agencies. Biodiversity. Biomedicine. Biopiracy. Bioprospecting. Biosafety Protocol. Biotechnology. Boreholes. Brain Drain. Brandt Commission. Bretton Woods. Brown Environmental Agenda. Brundtland Commission. Bucharest Conference (1974). Bureaucracy. Butler´s Model of tourism development. Cairo conference (ICPD, 1994). Capability Vs Utility. Capacity-Building. Capital Flight. Capital Intensive. Capital Markets. Capitalism. Care. Carrying Capacity. Cartels. Caste. Casualisation of Work. CEDAW (Convention for Eliminating all Forms of Discrimination Against Women). CGE Models. Charities. Child Labour. Child Prostitution. Child Soldiers. Children and Development. Chipko Movement. Cholera. Christianity and Development. Chronic Poverty. Circular Migration. Citizenship. Civil Society. Clash of Civilisations (Huntington). Clean Development Mechanism. Climate Change and Development. Club of Rome. Clustering. Cold War. Collectivisation. Colonialism and Development. Commercialization. Commission on Sustainable Development (UN). Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA). Common Pool Resources.